Watermark.
Lima BOSC
Switch site 35 sites · 10 basins2 states Group by
OH Ohio 34
BOSC BOSC Lima Ottawa River · Lima, OH Building Under construction #1261 URB Urbana Mad River · Great Miami Live Investigating #1263 DEF Defiance Maumee mainstem Queued Investigating #1264 FIN Findlay Blanchard River Queued Investigating #1265 TOL Toledo Lucas Co WRRF Queued Investigating #1266 VWT Van Wert Town Creek · Little Auglaize Queued Investigating #1267 BRY Bryan Prairie Creek · Tiffin River Queued Investigating #1268 OTW Ottawa Blanchard River (lower) Queued Investigating #1269 SPR Springfield Mad River · Great Miami Queued Investigating #1270 XEN Xenia Little Miami Queued Investigating #1271 WPA Dayton · WPAFB Mad River · Great Miami Queued Investigating #1272 HAM Hamilton · Middletown Great Miami (lower) Queued Investigating #1273 TRP Troy · Piqua Great Miami (upper) Queued Investigating #1274 SID Sidney Great Miami · headwaters Queued Investigating #1275 GRV Greenville · Darke Co Stillwater · basin divide Queued Investigating #1276 WIL Wilmington Todd Fork · Little Miami Queued Investigating #1277 WUN West Union · Adams Co Ohio Brush Creek · Ohio River Queued Investigating #1278 NAL New Albany · Licking Scioto ↔ Muskingum divide Tracking Investigating #1279 COL Columbus Scioto · Olentangy Tracking Investigating #1280 CSH Coshocton Tuscarawas + Walhonding Tracking Investigating #1281 PIK Piketon Scioto River · PORTS Tracking Investigating #1282 SAN Sandusky · Perkins Twp Sandusky Bay · Lake Erie Tracking Investigating #1283 NWK Newark Licking River Tracking Investigating #1284 ZAN Zanesville Muskingum mainstem Tracking Investigating #1285 FRE Fremont · Clyde Lower Sandusky Tracking Investigating #1286 TIF Tiffin Sandusky (mid) Tracking Investigating #1287 BUC Bucyrus Sandusky headwaters Tracking Investigating #1288 CLE Cleveland Lower Cuyahoga Tracking Investigating #1289 AKR Akron Upper Cuyahoga · CVNP Tracking Investigating #1290 LRD Lordstown · Warren Upper Mahoning Tracking Investigating #1291 YNG Youngstown Mahoning mainstem Tracking Investigating #1292 LAN Lancaster Upper Hocking Tracking Investigating #1293 ATH Athens Lower Hocking Tracking Investigating #1294 LOG Logan Hocking Hills Tracking Investigating #1295
MAU Maumee Basin 8 sites
2MI The Two Miamis 9 sites
SE Southeastern Basins 10 sites
NE Northeast Basins 8 sites
Each site is a section of the Watermark platform — pivoted by basinstate. Live & building sites open; queued and tracking sites route to their coming-soon / watch page.
Switch site 35 sites · 10 basins2 states 35 open Group by

Each site is one Watermark investigation. The page color says what opens; the campus line is the build on the ground — two different clocks.

OH Ohio 34
BOSC BOSC Lima Ottawa River · Lima, OH Draft Under construction #1261 URB Urbana Mad River · Great Miami Open Investigating #1263 DEF Defiance Maumee mainstem Queued Investigating #1264 FIN Findlay Blanchard River Queued Investigating #1265 TOL Toledo Lucas Co WRRF Queued Investigating #1266 VWT Van Wert Town Creek · Little Auglaize Queued Investigating #1267 BRY Bryan Prairie Creek · Tiffin River Queued Investigating #1268 OTW Ottawa Blanchard River (lower) Queued Investigating #1269 SPR Springfield Mad River · Great Miami Queued Investigating #1270 XEN Xenia Little Miami Queued Investigating #1271 WPA Dayton · WPAFB Mad River · Great Miami Queued Investigating #1272 HAM Hamilton · Middletown Great Miami (lower) Queued Investigating #1273 TRP Troy · Piqua Great Miami (upper) Queued Investigating #1274 SID Sidney Great Miami · headwaters Queued Investigating #1275 GRV Greenville · Darke Co Stillwater · basin divide Queued Investigating #1276 WIL Wilmington Todd Fork · Little Miami Queued Investigating #1277 WUN West Union · Adams Co Ohio Brush Creek · Ohio River Queued Investigating #1278 NAL New Albany · Licking Scioto ↔ Muskingum divide Watching Investigating #1279 COL Columbus Scioto · Olentangy Watching Investigating #1280 CSH Coshocton Tuscarawas + Walhonding Watching Investigating #1281 PIK Piketon Scioto River · PORTS Watching Investigating #1282 SAN Sandusky · Perkins Twp Sandusky Bay · Lake Erie Watching Investigating #1283 NWK Newark Licking River Watching Investigating #1284 ZAN Zanesville Muskingum mainstem Watching Investigating #1285 FRE Fremont · Clyde Lower Sandusky Watching Investigating #1286 TIF Tiffin Sandusky (mid) Watching Investigating #1287 BUC Bucyrus Sandusky headwaters Watching Investigating #1288 CLE Cleveland Lower Cuyahoga Watching Investigating #1289 AKR Akron Upper Cuyahoga · CVNP Watching Investigating #1290 LRD Lordstown · Warren Upper Mahoning Watching Investigating #1291 YNG Youngstown Mahoning mainstem Watching Investigating #1292 LAN Lancaster Upper Hocking Watching Investigating #1293 ATH Athens Lower Hocking Watching Investigating #1294 LOG Logan Hocking Hills Watching Investigating #1295
MAU Maumee Basin 8 sites
2MI The Two Miamis 9 sites
SE Southeastern Basins 10 sites
NE Northeast Basins 8 sites
The page — what opens on Watermark Open · Draftfull record Queued · Watchingpreview page Restrictedrequest access
The campus — the build on the ground Investigating Confirmed Under construction Operational
Building

← The economy

Economics — localized baseline

What Allen County, Ohio's economy actually is, quantitatively — the ground the data-center deal sits on. Employment by industry for 2024 (BLS QCEW) with each sector's location quotient (county share ÷ national share), and population (US Census ACS). The employment and population figures are connector-sourced [verified], with each sector's location quotient derived from them; the prose companion is Economics — demand & public benefits.

Population

YearPopulation
2010106,586
2015105,196
2020102,808
2023101,685

Employment trend

Line · covered employment Total covered employment
0 25000 50000 75000 100000 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 49,690
[verified] BLS QCEW annual averages
Line · establishments Establishments
0 1250 2500 3750 5000 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2,586
[verified] BLS QCEW annual averages
YearTotal covered employment
201449,814
201550,014
201650,406
201750,931
201850,828
201950,165
202047,761
202148,379
202249,136
202349,577
202449,690

Total covered employment shrank 0.2% (49,814 → 49,690) between 2014 and 2024 — the labor base the campus's ~50 promised jobs join.

Industry mix & export-orientation

Employment by NAICS sector, 2024, ranked by jobs. County-wide average annual pay is $58,790 (BLS QCEW, all ownerships) — the prevailing-wage yardstick the campus's ~50 promised jobs are measured against.

SectorJobsEstablishmentsAvg annual payLocation quotient
62 · Health Care & Social Assistance 9,452 325 $60,348 1.33 · exports
31-33 · Manufacturing 8,779 131 $92,093 2.15 · exports
44-45 · Retail Trade 5,261 380 $34,262 1.06
72 · Accommodation & Food Services 4,737 240 $20,846 1.05
56 · Administrative & Support & Waste Management 3,263 140 $52,429 1.12
42 · Wholesale Trade 2,386 138 $66,162 1.22
23 · Construction 2,056 212 $70,217 0.79 · imports
81 · Other Services (except Public Administration) 1,613 240 $36,657 1.08
54 · Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 1,583 189 $74,796 0.46 · imports
48-49 · Transportation & Warehousing 1,158 85 $61,361 0.55 · imports
61 · Educational Services 955 26 $34,855 0.93 · imports
52 · Finance & Insurance 887 134 $70,088 0.44 · imports
71 · Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 545 38 $20,308 0.65 · imports
55 · Management of Companies & Enterprises 316 20 $88,987 0.38 · imports
53 · Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 252 86 $42,132 0.33 · imports
22 · Utilities 123 8 $110,425 0.65 · imports
11 · Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0 22 0.00 · imports
21 · Mining, Quarrying, Oil & Gas Extraction 0 3 0.00 · imports
51 · Information 0 32 0.00 · imports
99 · 99 0 2 0.00 · imports

Employment from BLS QCEW (keyless open data). Location quotient = county sector share / national share (export-orientation; the county-level proxy for an import/export ratio). Population from US Census ACS 5-year (B01003). Median household income from US Census ACS 5-year (B19013, 2023).

Consumer energy costs

What households in Ohio pay for electricity and heating fuel — the consumer-price half of the demand thread the data-center load presses on. State-level EIA residential prices and retail sales, each connector-sourced [verified], charted over the last ~quarter-century (the natural-gas series reaches back to 1967, but the window is trimmed for legibility). Prices are in native units — electricity in cents/kWh, gas in $/Mcf, sales in million kWh.

Line · residential ¢/kWh Residential electricity price
0 5 10 15 20 2001 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 16.96 cents/kWh
[verified] EIA API v2 · ELEC.PRICE.OH-RES.A
Line · residential $/Mcf Residential natural-gas price
0 5 10 15 20 2001 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 13.85 $/Mcf
[verified] EIA API v2 · NG.N3010OH3.A
Line · retail sales (million kWh) Electricity retail sales — all sectors
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 2001 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 161,933.98 million kWh
[verified] EIA API v2 · ELEC.SALES.OH-ALL.A

EIA API v2 (seriesid route): residential electricity + natural-gas prices and total electricity retail sales for Ohio. Annual averages; regenerable via `watermark eia` with WATERMARK_EIA_API_KEY.

Household energy burden

What that energy costs a typical household: the share of Ohio's median household income ($62,001/yr, US Census B19013) spent on residential electricity and heating. A fully [derived] figure — annual spend = average household use × the EIA residential price — unlike the stylized demand→price band. The gas and combined rows assume a gas-heated home at average use.

FuelAnnual costBurden (% of income)
Electricity $1,781 2.87%
Natural gas (heated home) $970 1.56%
Combined $2,750 4.44%
  • Median household income is county-level (Census B19013); residential energy prices are state averages (EIA) — the burden mixes a county denominator with state prices.
  • The gas and combined burdens assume a gas-heated home at average use; a home heating with electricity or another fuel carries no gas burden.
  • Household electricity/gas use are national-average assumptions — actual use varies with climate, home size, and efficiency.